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Indonesia
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Last Updated: Nov 6th, 2006 - 10:50:18 |
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Economy - overview:
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Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation, faces economic development problems stemming from recent acts of terrorism, unequal resource distribution among regions, endemic corruption, the lack of reliable legal recourse in contract disputes, weaknesses in the banking system, and a generally poor climate for foreign investment. Indonesia withdrew from its IMF program at the end of 2003, but issued a "White Paper" that commits the government to maintaining fundamentally sound macroeconomic policies previously established under IMF guidelines. Investors, however, continued to face a host of on-the-ground microeconomic problems and an inadequate judicial system. Keys to future growth remain internal reform, building up the confidence of international and domestic investors, and strong global economic growth.
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $758.8 billion (2004 est.)
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GDP - real growth rate:
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4.1% (2004 est.)
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $3,200 (2004 est.)
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 16.6%
industry: 43.6%
services: 39.9% (2004 est.)
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Investment (gross fixed):
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19.7% of GDP (2004 est.)
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Population below poverty line:
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27% (1999)
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: 4%
highest 10%: 26.7% (1999)
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Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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37 (2001)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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6.6% (2004 est.)
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Labor force:
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105.7 million (2004 est.)
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture 45%, industry 16%, services 39% (1999 est.)
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Unemployment rate:
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8.7% (2004 est.)
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Budget:
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revenues: $40.91 billion
expenditures: $44.95 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
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Public debt:
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72.9% of GDP (2004 est.)
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Agriculture - products:
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rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra, poultry, beef, pork, eggs
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Industries:
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petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism
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Industrial production growth rate:
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3.7% (2004 est.)
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Electricity - production:
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95.78 billion kWh (2001)
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Electricity - consumption:
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89.08 billion kWh (2001)
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2001)
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2001)
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Oil - production:
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1.451 million bbl/day (2004 est.)
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Oil - consumption:
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1.045 million bbl/day (2001 est.)
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Oil - exports:
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NA (2001)
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Oil - imports:
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NA (2001)
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Oil - proved reserves:
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7.083 billion bbl (2004)
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Natural gas - production:
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69 billion cu m (2001 est.)
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Natural gas - consumption:
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36.2 billion cu m (2001 est.)
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Natural gas - exports:
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32.8 billion cu m (2001 est.)
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Natural gas - imports:
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0 cu m (2001 est.)
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Natural gas - proved reserves:
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2.549 trillion cu m (2004)
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Current account balance:
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$7.336 billion (2004 est.)
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Exports:
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$63.89 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
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Exports - commodities:
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oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber
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Exports - partners:
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Japan 22.3%, US 12.1%, Singapore 8.9%, South Korea 7.1%, China 6.2% (2003)
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Imports:
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$40.22 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
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Imports - commodities:
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machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
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Imports - partners:
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Japan 13%, Singapore 12.8%, China 9.1%, US 8.3%, Thailand 5.2%, Australia 5.1%, South Korea 4.7%, Saudi Arabia 4.6% (2003)
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Reserves of foreign exchange & gold:
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$36.25 billion (2004 est.)
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Debt - external:
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$135.7 billion (2004 est.)
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$43 billion Indonesia finished its IMF program in December 2003 but still receives bilateral aid through the Consultative Group on Indonesia (CGI), which pledged $2.8 billion in grants and loans for 2004. (2003 est.)
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Currency:
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Indonesian rupiah (IDR)
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Currency code:
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IDR
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Exchange rates:
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Indonesian rupiahs per US dollar - 8,577.13 (2003), 9,311.19 (2002), 10,260.8 (2001), 8,421.77 (2000), 7,855.15 (1999)
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Fiscal year:
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calendar year; note - previously was 1 April - 31 March, but starting with 2001, has been changed to calendar year
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Keywords: Indonesia Economy, Indonesia, Economy, economy of the country of Indonesia, general information, country reports, classbrain, country information, information on Indonesia
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